Cefazolin Sodium for Injection is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic used for treating and preventing bacterial infections. It is effective against a range of gram-positive bacteria and some gram-negative bacteria, making it suitable for infections such as skin, bone, urinary tract, and respiratory tract infections, as well as surgical prophylaxis. Administered intravenously or intramuscularly, it works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cefazolin is commonly utilized in hospital settings to reduce infection risks during surgeries.
Cefazolin Sodium for Injection is an antibiotic medication provided in the Add-Vantage™ Delivery System by Pfizer Injectables. It is formulated for intravenous administration and is commonly used in hospitals to treat a variety of bacterial infections. Each pack includes 25 vials, each containing 1 gram of cefazolin sodium. This antibiotic belongs to the first-generation cephalosporins and is effective against many Gram-positive and some Gram-negative bacteria.
Details and Features
Active Ingredient: Cefazolin Sodium
Strength: 1 gram per vial
Formulation: Powder for reconstitution as an injectable solution
Packaging: 25 vials per pack, designed for use with the Add-Vantage™ System for easy IV delivery
Route of Administration: Intravenous (IV)
Indications: Used for the treatment of bacterial infections including respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, skin and skin structure infections, bone and joint infections, and for surgical prophylaxis.
Mechanism of Action
Cefazolin, a beta-lactam antibiotic, works by disrupting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. It does this by binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) inside the bacterial cell wall, inhibiting the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis. This inhibition leads to the construction of a weak cell wall, causing the bacteria to lyse and die, effectively controlling and eradicating the bacterial infection.
Warnings
-
Allergic Reactions: Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to cephalosporins, penicillins, or other beta-lactam antibiotics may be at risk of developing an allergic reaction.
-
Renal Impairment Adjustments: Dose adjustment may be necessary for patients with kidney dysfunction to avoid accumulation of the drug and potential toxicity.
-
Clostridium difficile-associated Diarrhea (CDAD): Use of cefazolin can lead to the development of CDAD, ranging in severity and requiring appropriate medical management.
-
Cross-Sensitivity: Potential cross-reactivity in patients with allergies to penicillin, despite being structurally different.
Side Effects
While generally well-tolerated, cefazolin may produce side effects in some individuals:
Common Side Effects:
- Diarrhea
- Nausea and vomiting
- Rash or itching at the injection site
- Mild allergic reactions
Serious Side Effects:
- Severe hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis
- Hematological reactions such as neutropenia, leukopenia
- Renal toxicity in high doses or with prolonged usage
- Seizures in cases of excessive dosage or with patients with renal failure
Other Considerations:
-
Monitoring: Regular monitoring of kidney function and blood counts is recommended, particularly in long-term treatments.
-
Drug Interactions: Potential interactions with other nephrotoxic drugs or certain diuretics; consult healthcare provider for a comprehensive review of medications.
Cefazolin Sodium for Injection provides an effective option for the treatment of a variety of bacterial infections and is primarily administered in a clinical setting. Proper administration under healthcare supervision is critical to minimize potential risks and effectively manage any adverse reactions that may arise during treatment.
