IV Catheter Needles

An IV catheter (intravenous catheter) is a flexible, sterile medical device inserted into a vein to provide direct access to the bloodstream for the administration of IV fluids, medications, blood transfusions, and for blood sampling. IV catheters are essential in emergency departments, surgeries, hospitals, clinics, and home infusion therapy for both adults and pediatric patients.

IV cannula and IV catheter are often used interchangeably. An IV catheter technically refers to the flexible tube inserted into the vein. The IV cannula is a catheter introduced by using a needle (called a stylet) which is withdrawn after catheter placement. Both serve the same purpose: providing intravenous access.

Catheter: The actual flexible tube inserted into the vein. IV line: The entire system, including the catheter, extension tubing, and the infusion set connecting to IV fluids or medications.

Most patients experience mild discomfort or a quick pinch during insertion, but modern ultra-sharp needles and smooth catheters make the process minimally painful. Pain is brief and usually subsides quickly.

Peripheral IV Catheter: Most common, placed in hand, forearm, or foot vein for short-term use. Central Venous Catheter (CVC): Inserted into large veins (e.g., subclavian, jugular) for long-term therapies. Midline Catheter: Longer than peripheral, but not a central line. Used for intermediate-term treatments.

Peripheral IV catheters: Typically changed every 72–96 hours or sooner if signs of infection or malfunction. Central venous catheters: Can stay for weeks to months with proper care. Always follow hospital protocol and CDC guidelines.

Other names include IV line, IV cannula, intravenous cannula, peripheral line, or "drip.

The antecubital vein (in the bend of the elbow), dorsal hand veins, and the cephalic vein are most frequently used due to accessibility and size.

An IV catheter is inserted using a sharp needle (stylet), but the needle is withdrawn after insertion, leaving only the soft catheter in place inside the vein for infusion.

Normal Saline (0.9% Sodium Chloride) Lactated Ringer’s Solution Dextrose Solutions (D5W, D10W) Half Normal Saline (0.45% Sodium Chloride) These fluids restore hydration, electrolyte balance, and provide energy or medication delivery.

The needle used for insertion is a sharp, but the catheter itself is a soft, flexible tube. Proper disposal of both is essential for safety.

Most describe it as a quick pinch or sting during insertion, followed by slight pressure or a mild ache if the IV is in for a long period. If you experience pain, swelling, or burning after placement, notify a nurse immediately.

Site is cleaned and prepped. Tourniquet applied to make the vein prominent. Needle with catheter inserted into vein. Needle withdrawn, catheter left in place. Secured with dressing and connected to IV line. Flush and check for blood return.

It is possible but special waterproof dressings are needed. Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions to avoid infection.

Rare, but possible if mishandled. This is why only trained professionals should insert or remove IV catheters. If breakage is suspected, seek immediate medical attention.

If the IV catheter is not properly in the vein (infiltration), fluids/medications may leak into surrounding tissue, causing swelling and discomfort. IV should be stopped and restarted in a new vein.

Signs of infection (redness, swelling, pus) Malfunction (no infusion flow, pain, infiltration) After completion of therapy, or per hospital policy (usually every 72–96 hours for peripherals)

No. The catheter is a soft, flexible tube. Only the needle is sharp and is removed after insertion.

Wash hands, wear gloves. Stop the infusion and remove tape/dressing. Gently withdraw the catheter in a smooth motion. Apply pressure to site with gauze. Bandage site and inspect for complications.

Sterile, medical-grade catheters for every patient and procedure Ultra-sharp, smooth insertion for less pain Latex-free, color-coded, and available in all sizes (14G–24G) Recommended by nurses, doctors, EMTs, and hospitals worldwide Leak-proof valve for safe infusions and blood draws