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A vaginal speculum is a medical instrument used during pelvic exams to gently open the vaginal walls, allowing doctors to examine the vagina and cervix. This essential OB-GYN tool enhances diagnostic accuracy for cervical screening, STD testing, and early detection of reproductive health issues.
Graves Speculum: The most common, featuring a wider blade suitable for general exams. Pederson Speculum: Has narrower blades, ideal for women with smaller vaginal canals, such as virgins or post-menopausal women.
Speculums remain the gold standard for safely visualizing the vaginal canal and cervix, essential for accurate pap smears, biopsy procedures, and diagnosing vaginal infections, cervical cancer, and uterine health conditions.
Speculums are duck-bill shaped with two blades that gently separate the vaginal walls. They come in various sizes, are made of plastic (disposable) or stainless steel, and are ergonomically designed for patient comfort.
Disposable speculums are single-use for infection control, while stainless steel speculums are thoroughly sterilized between patients to ensure the highest hygiene standards.
Pederson speculums or pediatric-sized speculums are typically used for women who are virgins, as they have narrower blades and are more comfortable.
Absolutely—speculums are essential in almost all gynecological exams to ensure proper visualization and accurate cervical assessment.
Speculums typically open between 2-4 centimeters, adjustable by the provider to match patient comfort and examination needs.
Newer less-invasive approaches are under development, such as vaginal swabs and imaging devices, but speculums are still the most reliable and widely used tool for comprehensive exams.
A speculum may stretch or tear the hymen, but pediatric or virgin speculums are designed to minimize discomfort and trauma to the tissue.
The distance from the vaginal opening to the cervix typically ranges from 7-10 centimeters (2.75-4 inches), varying by individual anatomy and life stage.
Metal Vaginal Speculum Pederson-Style Double Blade Duckbill Reusable Without Light Source Capability, Office Grade