Aminophylline for Injection 500 mg is a bronchodilator used to relieve symptoms of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other respiratory conditions involving bronchospasm. It aids in relaxing the smooth muscles of the airways, enhancing airflow and easing breathing difficulties during acute exacerbations. Administered intravenously, Aminophylline is effective in hospital settings for rapid intervention in severe asthma attacks or COPD flare-ups, providing quick relief from respiratory distress and improving oxygenation in critical situations.
Aminophylline for Injection by Pfizer Injectables is a bronchodilator used to treat symptoms of asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and other obstructive lung diseases. This formulation is suitable for intravenous administration, offering quick relief in acute respiratory conditions. Each single-dose vial contains 500 mg of aminophylline in a 20 mL solution, and the product is packaged in a tray of 25 vials.
Details and Features
Active Ingredient: Aminophylline (a compound of theophylline and ethylenediamine)
Concentration: 25 mg/mL
Volume: 20 mL per vial
Packaging: Tray of 25 single-dose vials
Administration Route: Intravenous (IV)
Indications: Used for the treatment of acute exacerbations of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other situations requiring bronchodilation to ease breathing difficulties.
Mechanism of Action
Aminophylline works as a bronchodilator by relaxing the smooth muscles in the bronchial airways and pulmonary blood vessels. It inhibits phosphodiesterase enzymes, leading to increased intracellular cyclic AMP levels. This elevation results in bronchodilation, decreased airway reactivity, and some reduction in inflammation. Additionally, it has mild diuretic effects and can stimulate the central nervous system and cardiac muscles.
Warnings
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Therapeutic Monitoring: Serum theophylline levels should be monitored to maintain them within the therapeutic range and avoid toxicity.
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Cardiovascular Effects: Can induce arrhythmias and palpitations, especially in those with pre-existing heart conditions.
- Seizure Risk: Lowers the seizure threshold, posing risks if levels become toxic.
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Drug Interactions: Possible interactions with drugs like cimetidine, erythromycin, and fluoroquinolones, which may affect the metabolism of aminophylline.
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Adjustment in Special Populations: Caution is required for patients with liver disease, heart failure, or hypothyroidism as these conditions may alter drug metabolism.
Side Effects
Aminophylline can cause several side effects, and the dosage needs careful titration and monitoring:
Common Side Effects:
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Headache
- Insomnia
- Nervousness or restlessness
Serious Side Effects:
- Cardiac arrhythmias
- Seizures
- Severe hypotension
- Gastrointestinal disturbances, including bleeding
Close monitoring by healthcare professionals is essential to ensure safe administration, particularly in terms of dosage and serum level monitoring. Adjustments may be needed based on patient-specific factors such as age, weight, overall health, and concurrent medications. Regular evaluation helps mitigate potential risks, ensuring effective and safe treatment outcomes.
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